玉米和黄豆对酸性土壤中石油的去除效果

Effects of Maize and Soybean Phytoremedying Petroleum Polluted Acid Soil

通过室外盆栽试验,比较了玉米(Zea mays)和黄豆(Glycine max)2种植物对酸性土壤中石油污染物的去除效果。结果表明,2种植物对土壤中石油具有良好的耐受性和去除效果。玉米和黄豆对石油烃的去除率分别可达38.41%～64.30%和34.24%～63.96%,而自然条件下石油去除率仅为23.77%～58.43%。聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)图谱分析结果显示,当w(石油)为0～17 295 mg.kg-1时,土壤微生物群落的丰度和多样性大致随着w(石油)的升高而呈下降趋势,植物根系能够选择性地促进根际微生物的增殖,且玉米根系的作用比黄豆明显。

An outdoor pot experiment was conducted to compare maize （ Zea mays） with soybean （ Glycine max） in effect of removing petroleum pollutants from acid soil. Results show that both of the two plants are good at tolerating and remo- ving petroleum pollutants in the soil. In labe, maize and soybean could remove 38.41% - 64. 30% and 34. 24% - 63.96%, respectively of the petroleum hydrocarbons in the soil, while in the field only 23.77% - 58.43%. The PCR- DGGE pattern showed that abundance and diversity of the microbial community in the polluted soil decreased with the in- crease in concentration of the pollutants from 0 to 17 295 mg·kg-1. The root systems of the two plants are able to selec- tively promote proliferation of some species of microbe in the rhizosphere and the effect is more significant with maize than with soybean.