AgNO_3不同处理时期和浓度对西葫芦性别表现和花粉活力的影响

Effects of Different AgNO_3 Concentrations on Sex Expression and Pollen Viability of Summer Squash in Different Stages

为筛选出诱导西葫芦雄花的最佳时期和AgNO3浓度,于3个不同的生长时期,用3种不同浓度(300,400,500 mg/L)的AgNO3处理西葫芦幼苗。试验结果表明,在不同时期用AgNO3可提高西葫芦第一雄花节位,增加2花芽/叶腋数,减少雌花数,且处理时间越早,第一雄花节位越高,雌花数越多;同一处理时期,随着AgNO3浓度的增加,雌花数减少,2花芽/叶腋数增加,子叶平展期和1叶1心期用400 mg/L AgNO3处理西葫芦幼苗,雄花数最多,花粉活力最高;仅1叶1心期和2叶1心期可诱导两性花产生,且随着处理时间的推迟和AgNO3浓度的增加,两性花越多,植株长势减弱。研究结果表明,子叶平展期用400 mg/L AgNO3处理西葫芦幼苗,诱雄效果最佳。

To screen out the best treating stage and AgNO3 concentration for inducing male flowers of summer squash, we used three different AgNO3 concentrations （300, 400, 500 mg/L） to treat summer squash seedlings at three different growing stages. The results showed that, using AgN03 at different stages could rise the first male flower node, increase the number of two flower buds on every leaf axil, reduce the number of female flowers, and the earlier the treatment proceeded, the higher the first male flower set and the more the female flowers got. At the same treating stage, with the increasing of AgN03 concentration, the number of female flowers reduced and the number of two flower buds on every leaf axil increased. At the cotyledon stage and one true leaf stage, the treatment with AgN03 concentration of 400 mg/L possessed the most male flower number and the highest pollen viability. The bisexual flower was induced merely in the one true le~ stage and two true leaf stage, and with the increasing of AgN03 concentration and the delay of treatment time, the number of bisexual flowers increased and the growth of the plants became weak. Therefore, the treatment, spraying AgN03 on summer squash seedlings at cotyledon stage with the concentration of 400 mg/L, possessed the best effect of inducing male flowers.