海岸工程对渤海湾风暴潮高潮位影响分析

The impact of coastal engineering on high water level of storm surges in Bohai Bay

渤海湾是全世界受风暴潮灾害最严重的地区之一。近年来渤海湾建设了大量的大型海岸工程,为研究其建设以后风暴潮可能发生的变化,采用大-中-小区域多重嵌套方法,建立渤海风暴潮二维数值模型。以对渤海海域影响最显著的9216、9711台风和2003年10月三次风暴潮为例,对渤海湾大型工程实施前、后的风暴潮过程进行模拟,分析工程实施后风暴潮高潮水位变化,为工程实施可能对风暴潮防护带来的影响提供基础。计算表明,由于沿岸围垦减小海域的纳潮受水面积,海水被挤压抬升,渤海湾海域工程后风暴潮高潮位普遍抬升。在特大风暴潮作用下,水位最大升高可达0.10 m以上,在堤防设计中需引起重视。

The analyses and investigations indicate that the storm surge disaster in Bohai Bay is one of the most severe ones in the world.To study changes of storm surge after construction of large-scale coastal engineering in Bohai Bay at present,a 2D numerical storm surge model is established with large-medium-small model nested approach.The three most typical storms surges： 9216,9711 and by cold wave in October 2003 are simulated in the condition with and without implementation of planned projects in Bohai Bay.Changes of storm surge water level due to implementation of artificial projects are analyzed in this paper.The results show that because of water storage reducing,high level of storm surge is uplift after reclamation.The increase of maximum water level is about 0.10 m under larger storm surge,which needs to be taken into consideration in dike design.