上海市闵行区流动人口避孕情况及影响因素分析

Survey and Analysis of Contraceptives Among Migrating Population in Minhang District of Shanghai

目的：了解上海市闵行区流动人口的避孕现状及其影响因素，为以后的避孕节育相关干预研究提供依据。方法：应用流行病学横断面调查的研究方法，对符合入选标准的流动人口进行结构式问卷调查，主要调查研究对象的基本人口学信息、避孕方法的使用情况及相关的避孕知识等。结果：本次调查的1414名有过性行为的流动人口中，目前避孕措施使用率为91．94％（1300人）。其中宫内节育器占到51．08％，其次是男用避孕套（25．00％），结扎（17．15％），口服避孕药（3．69％）。与18-24岁的对象相比，年龄在30～34岁，35～39岁，40。44岁以及≥45岁的研究对象的避孕措施使用率较高（OR分别为2．16，6．67，2．47和2．84）。与家庭月收入低于500元的对象相比，收入越高的对象，其目前采取避孕的比例就越高（500元～、1000元．、2000元～、≥3000元组的OR分别为2．19，3．11，2．32和3．18）；与避孕节育知识得分≤16分的对象相比，得分为17-31分以及得分I〉49分的研究对象避孕措施的使用率较高（OR分别为2．46和2．32）。结论：研究对象避孕方法的使用和选择受到年龄、婚姻状况、经济状况、避孕知识等多方面因素的影响，以后应继续加强流动人口避孕节育知识的宣传和教育，要把经济收入低、文化程度低和避孕节育知识薄弱的流动人口作为重点干预人群。

Objective： To analyze the contraceptives in floating population and the potential influential factors. Methods： The epidemiological cross-sectional survey was adopted in this study. The basic demography information, contraceptive use, and knowlege of contraception were included in the structured questionnaire. The X： test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the independent variables and influential factors. Results： There were total 1 414 persons who experienced sexual behavior among 2 001 respondents. There were 1 300 persons （91.94%） who took the contraceptive methods, including 51.08%of subjects who used IUD, 25.00% who used male condom, and 17.15% sterilization, and only 3.69% used oral contraceptives. Compared with the younger migrants aged 18-24 years, those migrants aged 30-44 and above 45 years would like to use contraceptive methods. Those migrants who had higher income and higher score of contraceptive knowledge had higher rate of contraceptives use. Conclusions： There were some factors influencing their contraceptives use, such as marry status, age, income, contraceptive knowledge level and so on. It is necessary for us to advance IEC program on contraceptive knowledge, sexual behavior intervention, and to strengthen especially in those migrants whose had low income and poor knowledge about contraceptives.