大连市建筑系统农民工身体、心理健康状况调查

Health Survey of the Physical and Mental Status of Migrant Workers in Construction Workplaces of Dalian

目的:了解和掌握大连市建筑业农民工群体的基本情况和身体健康、疾病发生、心理卫生和性压抑等方面存在的问题。方法:医务人员到工地为农民工进行体检,共检查17 763人,同时采用结构式问卷一对一面对面的调查相关信息。结果:调查对象年龄构成以20～49岁为主(13 942人,占83%),平均年龄35.88(16～76)岁;文化程度以初中为主(11 254人,占67%),其次为小学(2 688人,占16%)。消化系统疾病检出率占受检人数的20%;4 431人血压检出高于正常(占26%)。在心理健康问题的有效问卷中,符合SCL-90筛选标准,阳性率为18.4%。结论:建筑业农民工群体的身心健康问题应引起社会重视。建议:①提倡宣传教育、健康促进。②开展心理健康、生殖健康咨询服务。③建设农民工公寓、工地探亲休息室、夫妻房。

Objective：To understand the basic health status and problems of physical disease,mental health,sexual repression of those migrant workers who work in the construction system of Dalian. Methods： Totally, 17 763 subjects were included. The medical staff did physical examination for migrant workers,and interviewed them one on one using the structured questionnaire. Results：The respondents were dominantly aged 20-49 years, 13 942/ 17 763 （83%）. The average age was 35.88 years, with the range of 16-76 years. The educational level was mainly junior high school, 11 254/17 763 （67%）, while 2688 respondents （16%） had only primary education. 20% respondents had digestive diseases, while 26% had hypertension. With the Valid Questionnaires of mental health, the positive rate was 18.4% among those respondents who met the SCL- 90 screening criteria. Conclusions：We should be cared for the physical and mental health of migrant workers. Here we suggested： （1）To encourage the publicity, education and promotion of health; （2）To promote the consultation services on the mental health and reproductive health; （3）To provide of the so-called apartment for migrant workers, the lounge in construction site for those visiting relatives, and the provisional room for those migrant couples.