某院近5年住院病人疾病谱及恶性肿瘤构成分析

Spectrum of disease and malignant tumor constituent ratio of a hospital in nearly five years

目的 了解住院病人疾病构成,为医院疾病防治工作提供科学依据.方法 收集某医院2006-2010年住院病人疾病分类报表数据,进行各年度疾病构成统计分析.结果 2006-2010年前10位疾病系统按构成比大小依次为：呼吸系统疾病、妊娠分娩和产褥期疾病、消化系统疾病、循环系统疾病、肿瘤、损伤和中毒、接触因素引起的疾病、传染病和寄生虫病、泌尿生殖系统疾病、内分泌和营养代谢疾病;前10位疾病占住院病人总数的87.2%,其中男性占46.4%,女性占53.6%,但除去女性专有的妊娠分娩和产褥期疾病,则男性（54.1%）多于女性（45.9%）.婴幼儿和老人易患呼吸系统疾病.前10位恶性肿瘤好发部位依次为：胃、肺、食管、肝、白血病、女性乳腺、直肠、结肠、卵巢、膀胱;前10位恶性肿瘤占恶性肿瘤总例数的80.9%.消化系统疾病和恶性肿瘤在45岁以上年龄患病率高,但白血病在15岁以上年龄段频发.恶性肿瘤病例男性明显多于女性,男女性别比例为1.96：1.结论 加强疾病防治工作,狠抓医院管理,做好肿瘤的防范及宣传工作,加强各专科特色建设,合理利用医疗资源,更好地为病人服务.

Objective To understand the disease constituent ratio of inpatient, and provide scientific reference for dis- ease control and prevention in hospital. Methods The sduty used the disease classification report data during 2006-2010 of in- patients in some hospital to make out the disease constituent ratio. Results The top ten of the disease constituent ratio during 2006-2010 in order were respiratory system disease, pregnancy and childbirth puerperium disease, digestive system disease, cir- culation system disease, tumour, damage and poisoning, Contact the diseases caused by factors, infectious and parasitic disea- ses, urinary and reproductive systems, endocrine and nutrition metabolic disease. The number of top ten inpatients is 87.2% of all inpatients, of which 46.4% is men and 53.6% is woman, if getting rid of pregnancy and childbirth puerperium disease that is proprietary of women, men （54.1% ） would exceed women （45.9%）. Babies , infants and the elderly are more inclined to be affected with respiratory system disease. The top ten parts that are more inclined to be affected with turnout in order were stom- ach, lung, esophageal, liver, leukemia, the female breast, colon, ovary, rectum and bladder. The number of top ten malignant tumor patients is 87.2% of all malignant tumor patients, the morbidity of the digestive system disease and malignant tumors is high in more than 45 years old, the morbidity of leukemia is already high froml5 years old. The constituent ratio of men exceed women in malignant tumor patients, the sex ratio of men and women is l. 96 ： 1. Conclusion Strengthen the disease prevention and control work, vigorously promotes the hospital management, enhance cancer prevent and propaganda work, intensify the con- struction of specialized subject characteristics, reasonable use of medical resources, to serve the patients better.