铯原子喷泉频标中的辐射频移及其对频标准确度的影响

Resonance Frequency Shifts due to Radiation Fields in the Laser-cooled Cesium Fountain Frequency Standard and their Effects on the Accuracy of the Standard

研究了钩原子喷泉频标中存在的各种辐射频移，包括微波频谱边带频移、Ｂｌｏｃｈ－Ｓｉｅｇｅｒｔ效应、相邻π跃迁引起的频移、斯塔克效应、黑体辐射频移和 Ｍａｊｏｒａｎａ效应部，分析了产生各种频移的物理原因，推导了各种频移的计算公式，估算了各种频移及其不确定度的大小，分析了它们对频标准确度的影响，提出了减小各种频移或误差以提高频标准确度的方法．研究所得结果对于正确评定铯原子喷泉频标的准确度和探索提高其准确度的途径具有重要意义，对于铯原子喷泉频标的设计也具有现实的指导意义．

Resonance frequency shifts due to radiation fields in the laser-cooled cesium fountain frequency standard, such as the frequency shifts due to microwave spectral impurity, Bloch-Siegert effect, neighboring π transitions, Stark effect, black- body radiation and Majorana transitions, are investigated, with formulas for eval- uating the shifts presented. The magnitudes of the shifts and their uncertainties are evaluated and their effects on the accuracy of the standard are analyzed. In addition, approaches for reducing the shifts and uncertainties are proposed in order to improve the accuracy of the standard. The results obtained here might be of great help for designing the laser-cooled cesium fountain frequency standard and evaluating the accuracy of the standard.