重建阶级秩序:20世纪30年代文学大众化运动的内在动机

Social Class Reconstruction:Internal Motivation of Literature Popularization Movement in 1930s

20世纪30年代文学大众化是一场论争主题与内在动机完全失衡、阶级改造冲动远胜过语言理论建设、思想史意义与文学史意义并存的语言运动,其内在动机在于打造新的革命主体,重建与新的革命形势相适应的阶级秩序。这一阶级秩序重建工作有两个聚焦点:一是突出无产阶级在大众化运动中的领导地位,解决无产阶级的文化领导权问题;二是在大众化运动中改造小资产阶级,解决新的革命形势下文化领域的统一战线问题。从阶级秩序重建这一问题切入,可以解读出30年代文学大众化运动革命史、思想史、中共党史的多重意义。

The literature popularization in the 1930s is one of language movement against which （i） a complete loss of balance arose from the debating themes and the internal motivation, （ii） the conflict from social class transformation overex celled language theory construction, and （iii） the significance of ideological history and that of literature co-existed. In fact, it is a time when the internal motivation lies in forging a new revolutionary subject, in reconstructing a class order that aims to agree with the new revolutionary situations. Two focal points exist in the reconstruction： （i） to highlight the leading sta- tus of the proletarian class in the movement to solve the problem of the leading power of the proletarian class; （ii） to reform the petite bourgeois class to solve the problem of united line in cultural area under the new, revolutionary circumstances. The present paper starts from the issue of reconstructing class order and then reveals multiple meanings of the revolutionary and ideological history of the movement, and the Chinese Communist Party history.