言语行为理论视角下的X BE X结构语用意义分析

The Analysis of the Pragmatic Meaning of X BE X Structure from Speech Act Theory

X BE X结构是一种特殊的判断句。表面上看起来主语和表语重复,传递的是"零信息",但它却蕴含着丰富的语用含义,传递着说话人的交际意图,是说话人有意选择的一种言语行为。基于言语行为理论,一个完整的言语行为是由言内、言外和言后三个层次共同作用完成的。本文从言语行为理论出发,认为X BE X结构的意义解读可以从言内行为上完成对词义的解读,从言外行为来表达交际意图,从言后行为来实现交际意图。

X BE X structure is a special statement.Apparently,the structure is the repetition of subject and predicative and it conveys no information.However,it entails rich pragmatic meaning,conveys the communicative intention of the speaker and is a particular speech act chosen deliberately by the speaker.Based on speech act theory,one complete speech act is the result of the interaction of locutionary act,illocutionary act and perlocutionary act.On the basis of speech act theory,the interpretation of the meaning of X BE X structure can be achieved by interpreting the meaning of lexis from the perspective of locutionary act,by conveying communicative intention from the perspective of illocutionary act and by realizing the communicative intention from the perspective of perlocutionary act.