中国再生资源产业聚集度变动趋势及影响因素研究

Research on the Degree of Aggregation and the Influencing Factors of the Renewable Resources Industry in China

为探寻我国资源再生利用的产业化发展道路,选用产业集中度、区位熵、Gini系数、Hoover系数以及EG系数,从时间维度、空间维度和总体水平上对我国再生资源产业聚集度变动趋势进行了测度,并通过对2004-2009年全国26个省市自治区面板数据进行分析,检验了各个因素对产业聚集的影响。研究表明:①我国再生资源产业聚集度从2004年开始就处于较高水平,由极高寡占转变为中度寡占市场,趋向合理化发展态势;②浙江、广东、江苏等经济发达地区产业聚集度较高,属于再生资源产业高水平专业化地区,而湖南省以外的其他内陆地区发展水平均较低;③新古典经济、新经济地理和政策制度三方面因素分别对产业聚集有显著的影响,其中企业规模、对外开放度均与再生资源产业集聚水平正相关,是近期影响产业聚集的关键性因素,企业规模的扩大和对外开放度的提高,都将有利于产业聚集。最后,针对这一结果提出了增强我国资源再生产业聚集的建议。

In order to explore the course of development of the resources recycling industry in China, five indices including industrial concentration, geographical separation, Gini coefficient, Hoover coefficient and coefficient of EG were applied to measure the developing trend of the ever increasing aggregation of the renewable resources industry in China. Additional separate measurements were made, considereing the passage of time, size of firms and overall levels of aggregation. After considering those factors, data from twenty-six provinces was analyzed to examine the impact that those various factors exerted on the renewable resources industry between 2004 and 2009. The following results were obtained ： （ 1 ） The degree of aggregation of the renewable resources industry in China has been shifting from a high concentration of the industry at the beginning from very few firms to more participating firms which are thought to be more competitive; （2） Developed regions such as Zhejiang, Guangdong, and Jiangsu had an intense degree of industry aggregation related to a high level of specialization in the renewable resource industry. Yet in regions such as Hunan, and other inland areas, aggregation and specialization remain at a low level; （3） Factors including neoclassical economy, new economic geography and policy regime had a significant impact on industry agglomeration. Such key factors as firm sizes, degree of opening and renewable resources were positive related to industry concentration. Expansion of firm size and the improvement of opening degree would be conducive to industrial aggregation. Finally, suggestions were proposed to enhance aggregation of the renewable resources industry to achieve better outcomes.