我国省级疾病预防控制系统实验室主要腹泻病原菌检测能力调查分析

Survey of capacities in detection of major diarrheal pathogens in provincial CDC laboratories in China

目的了解我国省级疾病预防控制系统实验室针对主要腹泻病原菌的检测条件和能力,为促进以实验室为基础的腹泻病监测工作提出建议。方法以调查表的形式调查了27个省级疾病预防控制中心(CDC)实验室在细菌分离鉴定、血清分型及耐药性监测方面的实验条件、分子生物学技术能力以及实验储备情况和需求。结果27个省级CDC实验室完成了本次调查,针对主要腹泻病原,具备了基本实验室分离培养、生化鉴定、血清分型的能力;分离菌株耐药性检测仍以集中时段的实验为主;一些分子生物学检测和分子分型方法部分实验室仍未建立付诸应用;实验室人员不足。结论目前我国省级CDC系统实验室能够完成常见致病菌基本的培养鉴定,但在腹泻病原菌检测方面的能力尚显不足,表现在实验室专业技术人员不足,培训缺乏。需要在基于分子生物学的快速检测、分子分型技术方面加强力量,并促进腹泻病原监测的实验室网络化发展。

Objective To understand the test conditions and capacities in detection of major diarrheal pathogens in provincial CDC laboratories and provide evidence for the improvement of laboratory based diarrhea surveillance. Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted in 27 provincial CDCs to understand their test conditions and capacities in the isolation/identification, serotyping, drug resistance surveillance and molecular biology detection of major diarrheal pathogens as well as other information about the laboratory capacity. Results All the 27 provincial CDCs completed the questionnaires. All the laboratories could conduct routine isolation/culture, biochemical identification and serotyping of major diarrheal pathogens, but could not conduct prompt drug resistance test of these pathogens. Some laboratories had not established molecular biology detection and molecular subtyping assays. Moreover, the laboratories needed more qualified laboratory technicians. Conclusion The provincial CDC laboratories surveyed can conduct routine isolation/identification of major diarrheal pathogens, but their capacities in rapid molecular biology detection and molecular subtyping should be strengthened. The development of laboratory network based surveillance of diarrheal pathogens should be facilitated in these laboratories.