新疆棉花黄萎病抗性鉴定与评价

Identification and Evaluation of the Verticillium wilt Resistance of Cotton in Xinjiang

【目的】对新疆生产上主栽以及参加生产示范的棉花品种(系)的黄萎病抗性进行鉴定,为棉花生产提供指导。【方法】利用发病均匀的自然病圃对棉花品种的黄萎病抗性进行鉴定。【结果】通过对南、北部棉区的主栽以及参加生产示范及常规区试的120份棉花品种黄萎病抗性鉴定发现,抗黄萎病的棉花品种较少,主要以耐黄萎病和感黄萎病品种为主。只鉴定出一个抗黄萎病品种01-2,其病情指数较高为20.0,达到抗病与耐病的临界值。耐黄萎病品种较多占到44.2%,包括81-3等种植多年的老品种。【结论】目前新疆棉花以耐黄萎病品种为主,缺乏抗黄萎病品种,亟需培育新的抗病品种。

[ Objective] This paper provides the Verticilliura wilt resistance of main breeds and guidance for cotton production by identifying and evaluating production demonstration cotton varieties （lines）. [ Method ] Identifying and evaluating the Verticillium wilt resistance of cotton varieties by natural nursery in which the incidence of Verticillium wilt is uniform. [ Result] The identification results showed that 01 -2 was the only resistant variety of 120 cotton varieties, and its disease index comes up to 20.0, reaching the critical value of resistance and tolerance to the disease. The cotton varieties which have tolerance to VerticiUium wilt accounted for 44.2 percent, including some cotton varieties planted for many years such as 81 -3. [ Conclusion ] At present, most of the cotton varieties in Xinjiang are the varieties which have tolerance to Verticillium wilt and Xinjiang is short of anti - Verticillium wilt varieties.