河南玉米氮磷钾肥料应用效果及推荐用量研究

Application Effect and Recommended Amounts of N,P and K on Summer Maize in Henan Province

利用国家测土配方施肥项目从2006—2009年在河南省68个县(市)安排的781个玉米"3414"试验分析表明,全省玉米无肥区(N0P0K0)、无氮区(N0P2K2)、无磷区(N2P0K2)、无钾区(N2P2K0)、全肥区(N2P2K2)产量平均为分别为5447,5994,6840,7094,7661 kg/hm2.在优化施肥条件下,N、P、K、NPK增产率平均分别为32.05%,13.53%,9.70%,53.83%;N、P、K、NPK贡献率平均分别为21.07%,10.29%,6.53%,29.10%;N、P、K农学效率平均分别为8.59,10.85,7.81 kg/hm2;N、P、K偏生产力平均分别为38.46,100.73,101.93 kg/hm2.通过一元二次函数拟合表明,全省玉米最高产量施氮量和经济最佳施氮量平均分别为263和211 kg/hm2,最高产量施磷量和经济最佳施磷量(P2O5)平均分别为77和68 kg/hm2,最高产量施钾量和经济最佳施钾量(K2O)平均分别为78和66 kg/hm2.

NPK application effect on maize were conducted in 68 counties of Henan Province using ＂3414＂ experiments from 2006 to 2009,the results showed that average yield of N0P0K0,N0P2K2,N2P0K2,N2P2K0,N2P2K2 were 5447,5994,6840,7094,7661 kg/hm^2,respectively.Under optimized fertilization,N,P,K,NPK fertilizer average increasing yield rates were 32.05%,13.53%,9.70%,53.83%,respectively;average contribution rates of N,P,K,NPK fertilizer were 21.07%,10.29%,6.53%,29.10%,respectively;average agronomic effects of N,P,K fertilizer were 8.59,10.85,7.81 kg/hm^2,respectively;average partial factor productivities from applied N,P,K were 38.46,100.73,101.93 kg/hm^2,respectively.Simulated with quadratic function,average nitrogen amounts of max yield and max economy were 263 kg/hm^2 and 212 kg/hm^2,average phosphorus amounts of max yield and max economy were 77 kg/hm^2 and 68 kg/hm^2,average potassium amounts of max yield and max economy were 78 kg/hm^2 and 66 kg/hm^2.