双摆头自动交换技术研究

Research on the automatic exchange technology for milling heads with double rotary-swivel axes

具有自动换头功能的五轴联动加工中心为近年来重要的发展趋势,其应用可满足复杂曲面、复杂型腔及特殊工序的加工,使工件在一次装卡后,可完成全部工序或大部分工序从粗到精加工,提高了加工效率和精度。本文针对双摆头自动交换中的机电液耦合、铣头夹紧自锁保护及交换状态监测等关键技术提出了采用电气液快插快换结构、液压夹紧自锁机构、液压流量监测等解决方案,实现铣头自动交换安全可靠,并在实际应用中获得了良好的效果。

The five-axis machining center with the function of automatic head-exchanging is a key developing trend in recent years,which application can meet the requirements of complex surface machining,complicated mold machining and some special machining process.Nearly all roughing and finishing process of one workpiece can be covered with one set-up,so machining efficiency and accuracy is improved greatly.The milling head with double rotary-swivel axes driven directly by torque motor is an ideal solution to realize high dynamic characteristic,positioning accuracy and stiffness.The resolution scheme for mechanical-electrical-hydraulic coupling,self-locking protection for clamping system and condition monitoring of head-exchanging is put forward in it.According to this,some structures such as electrical-hydraulic-pneumatic plug-in and plug-out,hydraulic self-locking as well as the monitor of liquid flow rate are introduced,and the validity of which is also proved in real practice.