发动机缸体缸盖的消失模铸造技术

Casing technology for lost foam casting of cylinder head of engine cylinder block

消失模铸造技术是一种利用泡沫模样代替传统复杂造型过程实现零件生产的铸造工艺。近二十年来,消失模铸造广泛应用于具有复杂结构零件的铸造,通常情况,铸件越复杂越能体现该工艺的优越性。20世纪90年代,美国成功地将消失模铸造技术应用于发动机缸体缸盖的工业化生产,使得零件设计更为柔性、集成度高,减轻铸件重量,提高燃油效率,降低成本;目前我国企业尝试用消失模铸造技术小批量生产缸体缸盖,初步获得成功,开始走向市场,但由于受到增碳、气孔等铸造缺陷的困扰,还未能实现低废品率的大批量工业化生产。

Lost foam casting is a type of metal casting process that uses expendable foam patterns to produce castings instead of traditional molding.In recent twenty years,LFC has been widely applied in castings with complex structure.Normally,the more complexity of casting is,the more advantages of LFC could be exhibited.In ninety of last century,LFC has been applied to a batch production of Engine Cylinder Block Head successfully in America,which brings more flexibility and integration in part design and manufacture,lightens weight as well as improves the fuel efficiency and minimizes cost;Several enterprises in china set about a small batch production of Cylinder Block Head by LFC and achieve preliminary success.But it is still a long way to run because of technical immaturity and casting defects,such as porosity,carbon-increasing etc.