2006-2010年河南省洛阳市0～14岁儿童伤害分布特征分析

Analysis on the characteristics of injuries among children aged 0-14 years in Luoyang City of Henan Province

目的掌握2006—2010年河南省洛阳市0～14岁儿童伤害流行状况,为制定伤害预防控制策略、评价干预效果提供依据。方法采用全国伤害监测报告卡,对洛阳3家哨点医院门诊首次因伤害就诊的病人进行面对面询问调查。结果 2006—2010年共收集到0～14岁伤害病例8130例,男女比例为2.1∶1;前4位的伤害原因分别为跌倒/坠落(41.1%)、机动车车祸(14.1%)、钝器伤(11.8%)、烧烫伤(10.7%),不同年龄组伤害原因构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=886.5,P<0.01);伤害发生的高峰时间在每年的5—10月;伤害发生的地点前3位为家中(41.2%)、公路/街道(23.4%)和学校(18.2%);58.6%伤害是在休闲活动时发生的,位居首位;伤害中非故意伤害最多(91.0%);伤害发生部位最多的是头部(53.0%);伤害结局中治疗后回家占51.7%,观察/住院/转院占46.9%。结论洛阳市儿童伤害男性多于女性,主要伤害原因为跌倒/坠落伤、机动车车祸、钝器伤和烧烫伤,大多为非故意伤害和轻度伤。

Objective To analyze the injury characteristics among children aged 0 - 14 years using the data from Luoyang Injury Surveillance Hospitals from 2006 to 2010, and provide evidence for injury prevention strategy development. Methods The national injury surveillance report card was used to collect injury information of first-visit patients in three surveillance hospitals in Luoyang. Results A total of 8130 cases were collected. The number of male was larger than that of female, and the sex proportion was 2. 1：1 （male： female）. The four leading causes of injuries were fall （41.1%）, motor vehicle injury （ 14. 1% ）, blunt injury （ 11.8% ）, and burn injury （ 10. 7% ）. The difference of causes among different age groups were statistically significant （ X2 = 886. 5, P 〈 0. 01 ）. Most of injuries were occurred during May to October. The main places where injuries occurred were： homes （41.2%）, road/streets （23.4%） and schools （18. 2% ）. 58.6% of injuries were happened in leisure activities. Most of injury cases were unintentional （91.0%）. Head was the main injured position （53.0%）. 51.7% of the patients went back home after treatments, while 46. 9% of them needed to be in hospitals or transferred to other hospitals. Conclusion Injury surveillance on children in Luoyang showed that the number of male injury cases were larger compared to female. Falls, motor vehicle injuries, blunt injuries and burn injuries were the major causes of injury, and most of them were unintentional and minor.