2006—2010年乌鲁木齐市伤害监测结果分析

Analysis on injury surveillance in Urumqi,2006-2010

目的掌握乌鲁木齐市伤害的流行特征,为制订伤害预防与控制措施提供科学依据。方法在乌鲁木齐市选择三级甲等医院1家,二级医院2家,作为伤害监测哨点医院,所有在哨点医院就诊的首诊伤害患者为监测对象。结果伤害发生前5位原因依次为跌倒/坠落(38.92%),机动车车祸(18.11%),钝器伤(14.93%),刀/锐器伤(12.00%),其他(4.68%);伤害性质以挫伤/擦伤(40.43%)为主,其次为骨折(21.53%),和锐器伤/咬伤/开放伤(15.52%);伤害发生地点主要是公路/街道(30.28%),其次是家中(21.90%)和公共居住场所(21.29%);以休闲活动时发生伤害为主(62.54%);非故意伤害占81.70%;50.42%的伤害病例经治疗后回家,观察/住院和死亡分别占47.95%和0.29%。结论乌鲁木齐市0～14岁和65岁以上居民伤害以跌落为主,男性青壮年以交通事故伤害为主。提高中小学生和老年人的安全防范意识,完善交通安全管理,培养良好的交通安全行为是主要的预防措施。

Objective To understand the injury prevalence characteristics of Urumqi, and provide evidence for injury prevention and control. Methods One of the three first-class hospitals and two of the two-class hospitals in Urumqi were chosen as the injury surveillance sentinel hospitals. Injury patients who came to the 3 hospitals for first time were in- vestigated. Results The top five causes of injury were fall （38. 92% ）, motor vehicle accidents （ 18. 11% ）, blunt injury （ 14.93% ）, the knife/sharp instrument injury （ 12. 00% ） and others （4. 68% ）. Contusions, bruises gave priority to the kinds of damage （40.43%）. The next were fracture （21.53%） and sharp instrument injury, bite open wound （ 15.52% ） in turn. Injury mainly was occurred on road/street （30. 28% ）, at home （21.90%） and in public places （21.29%）, respectively. 62. 54% of injury were occurred when doing leisure activities. Unintentional injuries accounted for 81.70%. 50.42% of patients were back-home after treatment, observation/hospitalizations and deaths accounted for 47. 95% and 0. 29%, respectively. Conclusion Kind of injuries were mainly dropping among the residents in Urumqi aged under 14 years and over 65 years while traffic accidents among young men. To reduce injury occurred, enhancing security awareness of elementary and middle school students and the elderly, improving traffic safety management and cultivating good traffic safety behavior should be main preventive measures.