特殊工娱疗法对长期住院精神分裂症患者疗效及认知功能影响的对照研究

A Controlled Study of the Effects and Cognitive Function of Particular Occupational and Recreational Treatment in Long-term Hospitalization Schizophrenia

目的了解特殊工娱疗法对长期住院精神分裂症患者的疗效及认知功能影响。方法将符合条件的128例患者随机分为两组,即治疗组(特殊工娱治疗组)和对照组(药物组),治疗组在药物治疗的基础上增加特殊工娱治疗,而对照组只给予单纯的药物治疗,分别在治疗前、治疗第4周末、第8周末、第12周末予以阳性和阴性症状量表(Positive and Negative Syndrome,PANSS)评定疗效,在治疗前和治疗结束时用威斯康星卡片分类测验(Wisconsin Card Sorting Tes,WCST)评定患者的认知功能。结果至第12周末,治疗组PANSS量表的得分明显低于对照组,差异具有显着性(P<0.05),尤其阴性症状分下降明显;两组间WCST评分提示治疗组完成时间缩短、总应答数(Ra)减少、错误应答数(Re)减少,完成第一个分类所需应答数(Rf)也明显减少,差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论特殊工娱疗法可以有效改善长期住院精神分裂症的症状,有利于改善精神分裂症患者认知功能,促进患者重返社会。

Objective To study the effects and cognitive function of particular occupational and recreational treatment in schizophrenia with chronic hospitalization. Methods 128 chronic patients were randomly assigned into intervention group （n=64） and control group n= 64）. Based on the drug therapy, the intervention group was combined with particular occupational and recreational treatment, while the control group was only given antipsychotics. All the patients were assessed with Positive and Nega- tive Syndrome scale（PANSS） before treatment and at the end of 4, 8, 12 weeks after treatments, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test（WCST） was used to assess their cognitive function before and after treatments. Results After treatment,the average PANSS total score and negative factor decreased significantly in the intervention group （P〈0.05） ; finish time of WCST, and the numbers of total responders of WCST, responses errors and responses on the first eategory were decreased significantly in the intervention group （P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusions Particular occupational and recreational treatment has obvious curative effect on long-term hospitalization schizophrenia and can improve the cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia.