云南省昌宁县农村改厕现状及存在的主要问题

The present situation and main problems of improvement of latrine in rural area of Changning County of Yunnan

目的为了解云南省昌宁县农村改厕工作的现状及存在的主要问题。方法按全国爱国卫生办公室对卫生厕所的分类,听取乡镇汇报、走访农户、入户调查等形式收集材料,对2009年及2010年新建的2000座卫生厕所分别随机抽取30座和100座进行粪便无害化卫生要求检测。结果全县卫生厕所普及率为8.98%,卫生厕所主要有三格化粪池和三联沼气池两种类型。所抽检样品粪便无害化处理率为79.23%,两年检测结果之间差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.74,P>0.05)。结论该县应加大宣传力度,增加改厕经费的投入,加强粪便无害化检测和加强农村卫生厕所适宜技术的培训。

[ Objective ] To understand the present situation and main problems of improvement of latrine in rural area of Changning County of Yunnan. [ Methods] According to the classification of sanitation latrines by the Office of the national patriotic health campaign committee, the data were collected by heating officer reports, visiting peasant household and household survey, 30 and 100 latrines were randomly sampled from 2000 newly built sanitation in 2009 and 2010 respectively, and were detected based on the sanitation requirements of night soil innocuous treatment. [ Results ] The popularization rate of sanitation latrines was 8.98% in Changning county. There were mainly two types of the sanitation latrines, which included three-squared septic tank and triple biogas digester. The rate o f night soil innocuous treatment was 79.23%, and there was no significant difference in test results between two years （X2 = 3.74, P 〉0.05）. [ Conclusion] It is necessary to improve the edueation, increase the investment for improvement of latrine, and strengthen the detection of night soil innocuous treatment and training of appropriate technology about rural sanitation latrines.