α-氰基丙烯酸乙酯的合成研究

Study on the Synthesis of Ethyl α-Cyanoacrylate

利用多聚甲醛与氰乙酸乙酯在催化剂作用下得到氰基丙烯酸乙酯缩聚物,然后在同一反应器内连续完成脱水、脱溶剂及缩聚物裂解,对裂解得到的粗单体在高真空下精制,获得α-氰基丙烯酸乙酯单体。讨论了原料配比、催化剂用量、真空度、磷酸及增塑剂对产品收率的影响,确定了最佳反应条件,收率以氰乙酸乙酯质量计可达到75%,α-氰基丙烯酸乙酯纯度大于99.6%,并且常温密封条件下可贮存2年,能够满足各种型号α-氰基丙烯酸乙酯胶黏剂的配制要求。

The ethyl cyanoacrylate condensation polymer was prepared with using paraformaldehyde and ethyl cyanoacetate in the presence of catalyst, and then in the same reactor, the processes of continuously dehydration, desolvation and cracking of condensation polymer were completed. The obtained crude monomer was refined under high vacuum to get ethyl α-eyanoacrylate monomer. The effects of reactants ratio, catalyst amount, vacuum degree, phosphoric acid and plastieizers on the yield of product were studied, and the optimal reaction conditions were determined. The yield of α-eyanoacrylate monomer could reach 75%, and the monomer purity was greater than 99.6%. The α-eyanoacrylate monomer could be stored at room temperature for 2 years, and could meet the preparation requirements of various types of adhesive.