收入分配差距变动趋势的理论研究比较

Theoretical Research Comparison of Income Distribution Gap Variation Tendency

收入分配是备受关注的经济学领域,经济学家就此发展出了许多经典理论。我们总结了由这些理论得出的收入分配差距变动趋势及经验实证,并通过比较分析,对收入分配差距的变动趋势进行了综合,认为就成功实现经济发展的国家而言,收入分配差距变动趋势应该表现在一定适度轨道范围内的波动,从轨道的变动趋势来看可能是"倒U"型,也可能不是。之所以呈现上述变动趋势,是由于市场的经济周期波动和政府较好地实现了兼顾公平和效率的合理干预。对于未能成功实现经济发展的国家,由于市场的不完善和政府的错误干预,其收入差距一般表现在波动中的不断扩大或下降趋势,而在较长时期内偏离适度轨道范围。

Income distribution is an economic domain which has aroused wide attention and economists have developed many classical theories.We have summarized the income distribution gap variation tendency as well as empirical demonstration,and through comparative analysis synthesized the variation tendency of income distribution gap,we hold the opinion that for countries which have achieved remarkable economic progress,income distribution gap variation tendency should show a kind of fluctuation within moderate orbit scope such as an inverted U-shape or not.The reasons of presenting above-mentioned variation tendency are economic periodic fluctuation of markets and reasonable government intervention which give due consideration to both fairness and efficiency.For countries which have failed to realize economic development,due to market imperfection and government’s wrong intervention,their income gap is generally manifested in the constant expansion or decline tendency during fluctuation and in the long term deviates from the moderate orbit scope.