少数民族地区农村留守中学生体质健康影响因素分析——以贵州省布依族居住区为例

Analysis on physical health status and influencing factors of the left-behind students in ethnic minority areas of Guizhou

采用文献资料、数理统计、测试、实地考察等研究方法,对贵州省农村布依族留守中学生的健康现状及其可能的影响因素进行初步的了解,通过专家问卷调查和访谈法,构建了影响其体质健康因素的实证模型,并在此基础上通过建立0rdered Logistic逐步回归计量模型,就各因素对布依族体质偏差组留守中学生的影响进行了定量分析,结果表明:父母亲都外出不利于该地区布依族留守中学生的体质健康的发展,但在模型中,母亲外出务工对其负面影响最显著;母亲的体质状况对该地区留守中学生的体质健康水平影响显著,在一定程度上正面决定了其体质健康水平;锻炼习惯、饮食习惯、家庭经济因素、生活习性、学校体育开展质量的状况、营养状况等变量在模型中对子女的体质都会产生显著的影响;学生过度的抑郁、焦虑、适应不良心理对其体质健康水平有显著的负面影响,其它心理对其影响并不显著;民族变量对学生的体质健康水平也会产生影响,但影响不显著。

Based on the literature,mathematical statistics,testing,field trips and other research methods,the paper investigates preliminarily the health status and possible influencing factors of the left behind high school students in Buyi rural areas in Guizhou,and through questionnaires and interviews to experts,the impact empirical model of influencing factors to the student physical health is built.The 0rdered Logistic stepwise regression econometric model from it is used to have a quantitative analysis on the influence of various factors to the Buyi left behind high school students in physical deviation group.The results show that：parents moving out for work are not conducive to the development of the students ＇ physical health and the migrant mothers have the greatest negative impact on the students;the mother＇s physical health condition,to some extent,positively decides the exercise habits,eating habits,household economic factors,living habits and the quality of school sports;the living environment and other variables in the model for their children＇s physical fitness will have a significant impact on students;excessive depression,anxiety and maladaptive psychology have significant negative impacts on their physical health.The other aspects of performance in the investigation are not significant and ethnic variables on students＇ physical health will have an impact,but not significant effect.