乙炔氢氯化反应无汞催化剂的研究进展

Research on nonmercuric catalysts for the hydrochlorination of acetylene

概括评述了前人对乙炔氢氯化反应无汞催化剂结构性能与催化活性关系的研究,并根据金属离子络合能力的差别,分析总结出了碱金属和碱土金属以及其它金属离子可能的催化反应机理。同时从非均相反应体系和均相反应体系两方面综述了国内外无汞催化剂催化乙炔氢氯化反应的研究情况,特别是对金基催化剂的研究,从催化剂的组分、催化机理、失活和再生等方面做了详细概述,对有机溶剂和离子液体做溶剂的均相体系进行了简要评述,并从组分、溶剂、载体等方面对各种无汞催化反应体系将来的开发方向进行了展望。

The structure and properties of catalysts for the hydrochlorination of acetylene with different mental salts and their combinations as well as their catalytic performances are summarized and discussed.According to the difference of complexing power between different mental salts,the possible catalytic reaction mechanisms are analyzed.Also,in both heterogeneous and homogeneous phases,the researches on nonmercuric catalysts for the hydrochlorination of acetylene are all reviewed,especially,the components,catalytic mechanism,deactivation and reactivation of gold-based catalysts.The reaction system,which solvent are organics or ionic liquid,is briefly discussed.In the aspect of components,solvents and carriers,some development directions of different nonmercuric catalyst reaction systems are also prospected.