小桐子油脂肪酸聚酯多元醇及聚氨酯泡沫的制备和性能

Preparation and properties of polyester polyol and polyurethane foam with fatty acids from Jatropha curcas L.seed oil

研究了脂肪酸环氧-开环-酯化三步反应制备聚酯多元醇,比较了3种不同碘值的脂肪酸原料制备的聚酯多元醇及其聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)性能。脂肪酸碘值越高多元醇的羟值也越高:1#、2#和3#聚酯多元醇羟值分别为:261.47 mgKOH/g、370.28 mgKOH/g和434.49 mgKOH/g。3种多元醇的相对分子量为600～2000。3种泡沫的压缩和弯曲性能与泡沫密度成正比。泡沫SEM分析显示:羟值较高的多元醇泡沫2#和3#泡沫孔结构较规则,以正五边形和正六边形居多;1#泡沫泡孔不规则,易变形。对3种泡沫的TG-DSC、DTG分析结果表明:3种泡沫的热分解温度都约为300℃,具有较好热稳定性。

The methods of epoxidication,ring open and esterification were used to prepare polyester polyol with three kinds of fatty acids which are different in iodine value,and the properties of polyester polyol and polyurethane foam（PUF） were compared.It was found that the iodine number of fatty acids（1#〈2#〈3#） effected on the hydroxyl value of polyol,the higher iodine value,the higher hydroxyl value of polyol.Hydroxyl values of 1#,2# and 3# polyester polyol were 261.47,370.28 and 434.49 mgKOH/g,respectively.Polyester polyol was analysed with GPC.Polyol’s relative molecular weights distributed in 600—2000 were detected by GPC.Foam density determines the performance of mechanism,such as higher foam density leads better compress and bending property.Three kinds of foam have good compress and bending property,whose foam densities are in the sequence of ρ1 #〈 ρ 2#〈 ρ 3#.Pore structure of foma was observed by SEM.The SEM photograph showed that 2# and 3# foam have regular pentagon and hexagon structures,while 1# foam structure was irregular and ductile. Finally,TG-DSC and DTG were used to characterize heat-resistant quality of foam.Before heating temperature raised to 300 ℃,three kinds of foam kept their mass more than 90% with excellent thermal stability.