研究反应堆应急计划制定中的若干问题

Major technical issues in developing emergency plans for research reactors

结合我国研究反应堆应急计划的实践经验 ,参照美国核管会 ( NRC)建议的有关方法 ,对研究反应堆应急计划制定中涉及的应急状态等级的划分依据、应急行动水平的定量化、应急计划区的确定、严重事故的考虑以及多堆应急计划的管理等若干问题进行讨论 。

Common international practices for the development of emergency response plans and preparedness plans for research reactors, especially the methodologies suggested by the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC), have been adopted in China. This paper reviews the experience gained in this country in recent years in this field. The major technical issues discussed include (1) technical basis for defining emergency status levels, (2) determination of emergency zones, (3) quantification of emergency action levels, (4) consideration of severe accidents, and (5) emergency planning and preparedness for multiple reactors on a single site. The activities and experience gained in the emergency management of research reactors operated in Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology of Tsinghua University are also briefly discussed.