不同寄主植物对桃小食心虫生长发育和繁殖的影响

Effects of different host plants on the development and reproduction of the peach fruit borer,Carposina sasakii Matsumura(Lepidoptera:Carposinidae)

为探索寄主植物对桃小食心虫Carposina sasakii生长发育和繁殖的影响,在室内温度23±1℃,相对湿度80%±7%,光周期15L:9D条件下,测定了桃小食心虫在杏Armeniaca vulgaris、李Prunus salicina、桃Amygdalus persica、枣Ziziphus jujuba、苹果Malus pumila和梨Pyrus sorotina上各发育阶段的历期、存活率和/或产卵量,并组建了桃小食心虫在各寄主植物上的生命表。结果表明:桃小食心虫的生长发育和繁殖在不同寄主植物间存在显著差异。幼虫的发育历期以李为最短(12.48d),梨为最长(19.15d);整个幼虫期的存活率以李为最高(50.54%),梨为最低(17.91%);单雌平均产卵量以枣(214.50粒/雌)和桃(197.94粒/雌)最高。生命表分析结果表明,净生殖率R0以枣(117.49)为最大,平均世代周期T则以梨(41.31d)和苹果(41.51d)最长,内禀增长率rm以李(0.1294)为最高,其次为枣(0.1201)和杏(0.1128)。这些结果有助于深入了解该虫在不同寄主植物上的种群动态。

The peach fruit borer, Carposina sasakii, is an important pest of deciduous fruit trees in northern China. In order to explore the influence of host plants such as apricot （Armeniaca vulgaris ）, plum （Prunus salicina）, peach （Amygdalus persica）, jujube （Ziziphusjujuba）, apple （Malus pumila）, and pear （Pyrus sorotina） on the development and reproduction of this pest, experiments designed to examine the developmental duration and reproduction of the pest feeding on various host plants were carried out under laboratory conditions of 23 _＋ 1 ~C, RH 80% ~ 7% and a photoperiod of 15L： 9D. The results showed that the peach fruit borer exhibited significant differences in the developmental duration and reproduction among various host plants. Larval duration was the longest on pear （19.15 d） and the shortest on plum （12.48 d）, while the preimaginal survival rate was the lowest on pear （17.91%） and the highest on plum （50.54%）. Adult females derived from larvae reared on jujube and peach laid significantly more eggs （214.50 and 197.94 eggs laid per female, respectively） compared with those reared on the other host plants. Life-table parameters were calculated for each host plant and compared by jackknife procedures. Analysis indicated that the net reproduction rate （R0 ） was the greatest on jujube （ 117.49）, the mean generation time （T） were the longest on pear （all. 31 d） and apple （all. 51 d）, while the intrinsic rate of increase （rm） was the greatest on plum （0. 1294）, followed by jujube and apricot （0. 1201 and 0.1128, respectively）. The results will help to understand the population dynamics of this pest feeding on various host plants.