狭颅症的影像学表现

Imaging features of craniostenosis

目的探讨狭颅症的X线、MRI表现及其诊断价值。方法回顾性分析15例狭颅症患者的影像学表现,全部行X线检查,11例行MRI检查。结果 X线表现:头颅前后径和横径变短,垂直径过长;脑回压迹明显增多、加深,颅壁薄而密度低,呈鱼鳞状;颅底下陷,后颅凹深而短。MRI表现:11例后颅窝深而短,5例示侧脑室轻度扩大,胼胝体发育不良、变薄5例,2例伴脑穿通畸形。结论狭颅症影像学表现极具特征性,X线平片具有较高诊断价值,MRI对判断颅内继发改变和鉴别诊断具有一定价值。

Objective To study the X-ray and MRI features and their value in the diagnosis of craniostenosis. Methods Fifteen cases of craniostenosis, which were all examined with X-ray and eleven examined with MRI, were analyzed retro-spectively. Results All the fifteen cases showed the anterior-posterior and transverse diameter of skull decreased along with the vertical diameter increased, gyric impressions increased and deepen, thinning of skulls and its density decreased, became ichthyosiform, basilar invagination, the posterior cranial fossa deepen and shorten. MRI features： 11 showed basilar invagination, the posterior cranial fossa deepen and shorten, 5 showed enlarged lateral ventricles, 5 showed agenesis and thinning of corpus callosumand, 2 showed porencephalia. Conclusion Since radiological manifestations of craniostenosis are characteristic, X-ray examination plays an important role in the diagnosis of craniostenosis. MRI is helpful to the demonstration of the intracranial secondary changes and the differentiatial diagnosis of craniostenosis.