甲型H1N1流感流行期间长春市孕妇流感发病情况与甲流疫苗接种意愿调查

Investigation on incidence of influenza and intention of influenza A vaccination in pregnant women during an epidemic of influenza H1N1 in Changchun,China

目的调查甲型H1N1流感(简称甲流)流行期间长春市孕妇流感发病情况与甲流疫苗接种意愿。方法以2009年8月～2010年3月在长春市60个社区卫生服务中心进行围产期保健并建卡的7 080名孕妇为目标人群,根据孕期构成比,分别随机抽取32名孕早期、73名孕中期和75名孕晚期孕妇为调查对象,采用问卷调查法,于2010年3月15～18日通过电话调查该人群急性上呼吸道感染罹患情况、甲流疫苗免费接种政策知晓情况、接种意愿及不愿接种的原因。结果共获取了179名孕妇的基本信息,其中有12.85%的孕妇愿意接种甲流疫苗,教育程度及高危情况对孕妇接种甲流疫苗的意愿有显著影响(P<0.001);孕妇对甲流疫苗免费接种信息的知晓途径主要来源于社区防保医生告知(41.73%);不愿意接种甲流疫苗的孕妇主要是担心疫苗的安全性;39.75%不愿意接种甲流疫苗的孕妇表示甲型H1N1流感再次出现高峰期时愿意接种。结论本次调查结果具有代表性,为今后采取有针对性的干预措施和干预渠道提供了依据,也为下一步重点人群疫苗接种的需求和预算提供了参考。

Objective To investigate the incidence of influenza and intention of influenza A vaccination in pregnant women during an epidemic of influenza H1N1 in Changchun City,Jilin Province,China.Methods A total of 7 080 pregnant women registered in 60 community health service centers of Changchun City for perinatal health care were served as the target population,from whom 32,73 and 75 ones at the first,second and third trimesters of pregnancy were investigated by questionnaire survey on March 15 ～ 18,2010 for onset of acute upper respiratory tract infection,the awareness of free influenza A vaccination policy,intention to vaccination and the reason for unwilling to vaccination.Results The basic information of 179 pregnant women were obtained,of whom 12.85% were willing to be vaccinated.Education background and high risk showed significant effect on the intention to vaccination（P 〈 0.001）.The main route to awareness of free vaccination policy was the information by the workers in community health service centers（41.3%）.The main reason for unwilling to vaccination was the concern about the safety of vaccine.However,of the pregnant women unwilling to be vaccinated,39.75% were willing to be vaccinated once the next epidemic peak of influenza H1N1 appeared.Conclusion Findings in this investigation are representative,which provided a basis for the targeted intervention measures and intervention channels in future,and a reference for need and budget for vaccination in high risk populations.