0.5～3岁早产儿屈光状态的变化

The variation in the refractive state of premature children during 6 months to 3 years

目的了解0.5～3岁早产儿的屈光状态及变化规律。方法 2009年4月—2011年5月对早产儿视网膜病变(ROP)筛查者及门诊患儿进行随访调查,回访186例(372眼),男102例(204眼),女84例(168眼),同时纳入随机对照组足月儿186例(372眼),用美国伟伦Suresight手持式自动验光仪检测两者屈光状态并作比较。结果 0.5～3岁早产儿以远视为主;随年龄增长,早产儿远视比例及屈光度均值呈下降趋势,其中0.5～1.0岁年龄段早产儿较足月儿远视屈光度值降低(P<0.05),另4个年龄段两者差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);同一年龄段早产儿随着出生体质量增加,生理性远视屈光度偏大。结论 (1)与同年龄足月儿相比,0.5～1岁早产儿屈光发育过程中由远视朝正视化或近视方向发展趋势更明显;(2)Suresight手持式自动验光仪是一种能快速、方便、有效检测学龄前儿童屈光状态的重要手段。

Objective To investigate the refractive state and variation of premature children during 0.5 - 3 years. Methods 186 children （372 eyes） including 102 males（204 eyes） and 84 females（ 168 eyes） during 0.5 N 3 years were ex- amined for refraction by Suresight hand-held auto refractor. And the examination also were applied to another group of 186 ca- ses of full-term children （372 eyes）. Results These premature children mainly with hyperopia, the degree of hyperopia grad- ually decreased with growing up, and the incident of hyperopia diopter was less common than that of full-term children during 0.5 - 1 years（ P 〈0.05） , there were no significant differences in another four groups（ P 〉0.05）. With the same age, the degree of hyperopia was positively correlated with birth weight. Conclusion （ 1 ） Compared with full-term children, premature children during 0.5 - 1 year showed a trend towards myopia more obvious. （ 2 ） Suresight hand-held auto refractor was a fast, easy and important detection methods to detect the refractive state of pre-school children.