急诊科医护人员工作压力源及疲倦感现状调查

Surveys of job stressors and status quo of burnout among medical staff in the emergency department

目的 探讨急诊科医护人员工作压力源及疲惫感现状,为维护其身心健康,提高工作质量提供依据.方法 将40名急诊科医护人员设为急诊组,49名门诊部医务人员设为门诊组,37名普通外科医护人员设为普外组,采用中国护士工作压力源量表和工作疲倦感量表进行测评分析.结果 中国护士工作压力源量表评分,急诊组总分和专业及工作、时间及工作量、患者护理、管理及人际维度评分显著高于门诊组（P＜0.01）,门诊组总分及各维度评分显著低于普外组（P＜0.01）,急诊组总分及各维度评分与普外组比较差异无显著性（P＞0.05）.工作疲倦感量表评分急诊组情绪疲倦感、工作冷漠感维度评分显著高于门诊组（P＜0.01）,工作成就感维度评分显著低于门诊组（P＜0.01）;门诊组各维度评分均显著低于普外组（P＜0.01）;急诊组工作成就感维度评分显著低于普外组（P＜0.01）,情绪疲倦感、工作冷漠感维度评分与普外组比较差异无显著性（P＞0.05）.结论 急诊科医护人员工作压力源及疲倦感现状较为严重,工作成就感明显不足,应引起相关管理部门的重视.

Objective To explore job stressors and status quo of burnout among medical staff at emergency department in order to provide basis for protect their psychosomatic health and improving working quality. Methods Forty medical staff who worked at emergency department were assigned to emergency group, 19 ones at outpatient department to outpatient group and 37 ones at general surgery department to general surgery group, and assessments were carried out with the Chinese Nurses Stressor Scale （CNSS） and Maslach Burnout Inventory （MBI）. Results Total, specialty and work, time and workload, patients＇ nursing, management and interpersonal dimension score of the CNSS were all significantly higher in emergency group than in outpatient group （P〈0.01）, total and each dimension score lower in outpatient than in general surgery group （P〈0.01）, and there were no significant differences in total and each dimension score between emergence and general surgery group （P〈0.05）. Emotional burnout and job apathy score of the MBI were significantly higher （P〈0.01） and achievements lower （P〈0.05） in emergence than in outpatient group; each dimension score was significantly lower in outpatient than in general surgery group （P〈0.01）; achievements score was significantly lower in emergence than in general surgery group （P〈 0.01） and there were no significant differences in emotional burnout and job apathy score （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Job stressor and burnout are serious and achievements obviously insufficient, to which shouhl be paid attention.