凉山彝族自治州2008-2010年艾滋病哨点监测分析

An analysis of results of China-MSD HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in 2008-2010

目的分析2008-2010年凉山彝族自治州艾滋病哨点监测的主要结果,为当地艾滋病疫情评估提供依据。方法按照横断面调查的方法,对凉山州的暗娼、吸毒者、社区人群等十类目标人群进行艾滋病行为学监测和血清学检测。结果近三年,吸毒人群的艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染率维持在较高水平,分别有5个、7个、9个监测哨点的HIV感染率超过5%。2010年,15个吸毒者监测哨点中,有12个哨点发现HIV感染者。暗娼人群HIV感染主要集中在普格县、喜德县和越西县等局部区域。布拖县、昭觉县和西昌市哨点的孕产妇HIV感染率较高,布拖县社区人群哨点HIV感染率高达7.7%。结论 HIV在吸毒者中呈现广泛传播趋势,在其他人群中呈现聚集流行特点;局部地区社区人群的HIV高感染率与临时性伴关系相关,提示偶遇性行为可能影响当地HIV传播风险。

Objective To analyze the main data collected from the HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance point in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in 2008- 2010, and to further provide evidences for HIV/AIDS epidemic evaluation in the local area. Method By using the method of cross-sectional survey, HIV/AIDS behavioral surveillance and serological test were performed among different target populations in Liangsan area from 2008 to 2010. Results In the recent three years, the HIV/AIDS rate among drug users stayed high, which already exceeded 5% in 5, 7 and 9 surveillance sites respectively. In 2010, HIV/AIDS cases were reported in 12 out of 15 drug user surveillance sites. The HIV/AIDS cases among female sex workers were mainly confined to Puge, Xide and Yuexi counties. The HIV/AIDS rate among pregnant women was high in Butuo, Zhaojue and Xichang counties, while the HIV/AIDS rate among the community population was nearly 7.7 ~//0 in Butuo county. Conclusion The HIV infection is now highly prevalent among the drug users, while congregated epidemic occurs in other population groups. And the high infection rate among the community population in some areas is associated with casual sex partners, indicating that casual sexual behaviors might play an important role in the risk of HIV infection.