电力市场下的无功电价研究

ANALYSIS OF REACTIVE POWER PRICING UNDER DEREGULATION

无功功率服务价格是电力工业重组中的一个重要的研究课题。由于传统的最优潮流数学模型不考虑无功功率的生产成本,因此无法得到合理的无功功率价格。文中在引入了无功功率的发电成本和无功补偿器的成本之后,运用最优潮流方法,分析了各种不同的优化目标及不同的约束条件对以经济学为基础的无功电价的影响及无功电价的特点。以一个实例系统对无功功率价格进行了研究,揭示了无功电价的一些基本规律。

Currently,developing an accurate and feasible reactive power pricing is an important task for power system restructure.Such reactive power price can not be obtained by traditional optimal power flow models because the production cost of reactive power is ignored in these models.In this paper,both reactive power production cost of generators and investm ent cost of capacitors are included in total system operation cost.There are totally eightcases tested,in which we use different types of objective functions to observe reactive power prices under different OPF models and adopt different system operation conditions to observe how these conditions effectreactive power prices.According to the test results from a sample 5 -node system,some conclusions are reached: 1 After the inclusion of reactive power generation costs,the variations of the reactive power prices obtained by OPF computation over different buses become smaller. 2 The revenue of reactive power based on marginal price is much higher than the actual production cost of reactive power. 3 A consumer can install capacitor bank to avoid high marginal price of reactive power,and other consumers at nearby buses may also be benefited from this considerably. 4 The voltage control of a certain bus can lead to intensive fluctuations of reactive power marginal prices at nearby buses,and active power marginal prices may get affected as well.