云雾对雷达探测性能的影响

Effect of cloud and fog on radar detection performance

分析平流雾和辐射雾媒介内能见度、电波频率与雾体反射率之间的关系,提出云雾衰减、云雾体杂波和云雾天线噪声等综合因素条件下雷达探测距离模型.仿真分析X波段和Ka波段火控雷达受雾体吸收、散射影响时,不同俯仰角、能见度、媒介属性、目标位置及反射截面积条件下海面和低空目标的探测性能.结果表明,两种雷达在仰角为0.4°时对雾区内外目标探测距离受能见度100 m平流雾影响的衰减分别为24.67%、9.95%和58.47%、53.40%,对于频率较高雷达,含水量较大云雾会极大缩短其探测距离.

The relationship among atmospheric visibility, radio frequency and volume reflectivity of advection and radiation fog were analyzed, and the radar detecting range models for targets inside or outside the field of cloud and fog were presented under comprehensive factors such as attenuation, clutter and antennanoise . The detection performances of X-band and Ka-band fire control radars for sea surface and low altitude targets were simu- lated under the conditions of different elevation angles, atmo- spheric visibility , medium property, target position as well as reflective cross section（RCS）of radar affected by absorption and scattering of cloud and fog. Results show that the detection range attenuation values are 24.67 %, 9.95 % and 58.47 %, 53.40% respectively when the two fire control radars work inadvection fog, of which the atmospheric visibility is 100 m and the antenna elevation is 0.4＂. The radars operated in the higher frequency bands are seriously influenced by the fog with more water content.