不同灸量悬灸“大椎”穴对哮喘大鼠细胞免疫学机制的影响

Effects of Different Quantity of Moxibustion at "Dazhui" (GV 14) on Cellular Immunity in Asthma Rats

目的:通过观察悬灸"大椎"穴不同灸量对哮喘大鼠血清白细胞介素4(IL-4)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、免疫球蛋白E(IgE)含量的影响,探讨艾灸治疗哮喘的细胞免疫调节机制以及最佳灸量。方法:SD雄性大鼠60只,随机分为空白对照组、哮喘模型组、治疗组1(悬灸15min)、治疗组2(悬灸30min)、治疗组3(悬灸60min)、治疗组4(悬灸120min)。哮喘模型采用腹腔注射致敏混悬剂并雾化吸入卵蛋白的方法制造。悬灸大鼠"大椎"穴,每日1次,共治疗7d。运用酶联免疫双抗体夹心法测定大鼠血清IL-4、IFN-γ、IgE含量,计算IFN-γ/IL-4比值。结果:模型组血清中IL-4、IFN-γ、IgE含量较空白组显著升高(P<0.01)。经过艾灸治疗后,各治疗组IL-4、IgE含量较模型组显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),IFN-γ/IL-4的比值显著升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);治疗组4IFN-γ含量较模型组显著升高(P<0.05)。治疗组2与治疗组1相比,IL-4、IgE含量显著降低(P<0.05),IFN-γ/IL-4显著升高(P<0.01);治疗组3与治疗组2相比,IL-4、IgE含量显著降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),IFN-γ/IL-4显著升高(P<0.01);治疗组4与治疗组3比较,各指标的变化不明显(P>0.05)。结论:悬灸"大椎"穴通过抑制血清IL-4的分泌,减轻IgE的炎性反应,提高IFN-γ/IL-4水平,从而改善哮喘细胞免疫机制;随着灸量的增加,对哮喘大鼠细胞免疫机制的改善作用也在增加,以艾灸1h效果最佳。

Objective To observe the effects of different quantity of moxibustion of ＂Dazhui＂ （GV 14）on the levels of serum interleukin-4 （IL-4）, interferon-y）, （IFN-y）, and immunoglobulin E （IgE） in asthma rats, so as to reveal its mechanisms un- derlying immune regulation. Methods Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into control, model, moxibustion-15 min（M- 15 min）, M-30 rain, M-60 m in, and M-120 min groups （10 rats/group）. Asthma model was established by intraperitoneal injection of sensitized-suspension （containing egg albumin, aluminium hydroxide, and deactivated Bacillus pertussis） and ovalbumin-aerosol inhalation. Moxibustion was applied to ＂Dazhui＂ （GV 14） for 15, 30, 60 and 120 min, respectively. Serum IL-4, IFN-y and IgE contents were assayed by ELISA （enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay）. Results Compared with the control group, serum IL-4, IFN-y and IgE levels were increased significantly（ P〈0. 01 ）, and serum IFN-y/IL-4 level was down-regulated obviously （P〈0.01）in the model group. After the moxibustion treatment, the levels of serum IL-4 and IgE in the M-15 min, M-30 min, M- 60 min, and M-120 min groups were reduced significantly compared with the model group（ P〈0. 01, P〈0. 05）. The ratios of IFN- y/IL-4 in the M-15 min, M-30 min, M-60 min, and M-120 min groups were significantly higher than that in the model group （P〈0. 05, P〈0. 01）. Comparison among the M-15 min, M-30 min, M-60 min, and M-120 min groups showed that the therapeutic effects of the M-30 min group were evidently superior to those of the M-15 min group, and those of the M-60 min group were significantly superior to those of the M-30 min group in lowering serum IL-4 and IgE contents and up-regulating IFN-y/IL-4 （P〈0. 05, P〈0. 01）. No significant differences were found between the M-60 min and M-120 min groups in down-regulating IL-4 and IgE levels, and in raising IFN-y/IL-4 level, as well as among the M-15 min, M-30 min, M-60 min and M-120 min groups in.elevating serum IFN-y levels（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Moxibustion can restrain the secretion of IL-4, relieve the inflammatory reaction of IgE, and enhance the ratio of IFN-y/IL-4 in asthma rats, which presents an increase tendency of the curative effect along with the extension of the treatment time from 15 min to 60 min. Excessively long time （〉60 min）of treatment is not necessary.