煤矿工人肌肉骨骼损伤与社会心理因素关系的研究

Relationships between psychosocial factors and work-related musculoskeletal disorders in coal miners

目的探讨社会心理因素与肌肉骨骼损伤的关系，为制定预防肌肉骨骼损伤的措施和策略提供科学依据。方法对某煤矿集团一矿区的500名工人进行肌肉骨骼损伤的现况调查，应用北欧肌肉骨骼损伤标准问卷调查评估煤矿工人肌肉骨骼损伤；采用Logistic回归分析法分析社会心理因素对肌肉骨骼损伤的影响。结果在过去的1年中，有227名煤矿工人自诉患有肌肉骨骼损伤，占总人数的60．9％，下背痛最为严重。高工作要求（OR=1-3，95％CI：1．3-3．5）、低工作控制（OR=1．6，95％CI：1．0～2．4）、低人际关系（OR=I．9，95％C1：1．2-3．0）和低工作满意度（OR=I．6，95％CI：1．0-2．4）是肌肉骨骼损伤发生的危险因素。结论社会心理因素对肌肉骨骼损伤的发生有影响，提示在制定预防肌肉骨骼损伤措施时需考虑社会心理因素。

Objective To estimate the associations of psychosocial factors with work-related musculoskeletal disorders （WMSDs）, providing scientific evidence for targeted strategies for the prevention of WMSDs in Chinese coal miners. Methods A total of 500 coal miners were consecutively enrolled to this cross-sectional study. The prevalence of WMSDs was assessed using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the associations between psychosocial factors and WMSDs. Results Among coal miners, of 277 coal miners, 61% self-reported WMSDs in a 12-month period. Especially, back pain was the most frequent musculoskeletal symptom. WMSDs were statistically correlated with high job demands （OR=1.3, 95%CI： 1.3-3.5）,low job control （OR=l.6, 95%CI： 1.0-2.4）,low level of interpersonal relations （OR：1.9, 95%CI： 1.2-3.0） and low job satisfaction （OR=1.6, 95%CI： 1.0-2.4）. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrate psychosocial factors were associated with WMSDs among coal miners, and psychosocial factors be considered for the prevention of WMSDs.