走滑断层的识别标志及其位移量计算方法

Strike-Slip Fault Identification Mark and Displacement Calculation Method

根据国内外走滑断层的研究成果，简要分析了走滑断层的形成机制，系统总结了走滑断层的识别标志及其位移量的计算方法。走滑断层的剖面识别标志有断层断面陡直及直插基底、花状构造和断层两侧地层厚度、沉积相及产状不协调：平面识别标志有线性延伸或带状展布、走滑带两侧地质界线的水平错开和斜列的盖层褶皱；空间识别标志有丝带效应和海豚效应。对于走滑位移量计算方法主要介绍了常用的两盘地质参考点的对比法、古地磁学研究方法、地壳变形速度估算法和沉降速率与走滑速率关系法，分别指出了各方法适合应用的条件。以郯庐断裂为例，利用走滑断层的识别标志及其位移量计算方法研究了郯庐断裂的走滑特征及最大走滑位移量。

According to domestic and foreign research ：results about strike-slip faults, the paper briefly analyzes the formation mechanism of strike-slip faults, and systematically summarizes the identification mark and the displacement calculation method of strike-slip faults. The profile identification marks of strike-slip faults include steep fault, fault surface straightlycutting the foundation, flower-shaped structure, and non-conformation of stratigraphic thickness on two sides of the fault with sedimentary facies and occurrence; The planar identification marks include linear extension or banded distribution, horizontal stagger of geological boundaries on two sides of the strike-slip zones and oblique cover layer folds; and the spatial identification marks comprise ribbon effect and dolphin effect. As for strike-slip displacement calculation method, the paper mainly introduces a common comparative method of geological reference points in two fault walls, paleomagnetic research methods, crustal deformation speed estimation method and the method of sedimentation rate relation with strike-slip rate, and respectively indicates the conditions which are applicable to each method. Taking Tanlu fault as an example, strike-slip fault identification mark and the displacement calculation methods are utilized to research on strike-slip characteristics and the maximum slip displacements of Tanlu fault.