世界铝工业与新技术发展趋势

World Aluminum Industry and Development Trend of New Technology

扼要介绍世界产铝国家——美国、俄罗斯、加拿大、澳大利亚等国的铝工业以及现代中国铝工业概况。讨论了迈入 2 1世纪的炼铝新技术发展趋势 ,其中包括 :强化氧化铝生产过程 ,低温铝电解 ,惰性阴极和阳极 ,一步制取铝基母合金 ,洁净铝的化学和物理技术 ,废铝回收和再生利用 ,废旧阴极炭块的综合利用 ,烟气治理。指出目前我国铝工业与世界先进国家还有相当差距 ,但是经过努力 ,可望在理论上和应用技术上赶上先进水平 ,到 2 0 5 0年我国铝产量可望达到 1 0 0 0万 t,人均用铝量达到 6～

The article describes briefly aluminum industry in aluminum producers — USA, Russia,Canada and Australia,etc. and gives a brief account of modern aluminum industry in China. Discussion is made on development trend of new technology for aluminum smelting in 21st century, which includes: Intensified production process of alumina, low temperature aluminum smelting, inert anode and cathode, making aluminum based alloy in one step, chemical and physical methods for making clean aluminum, scrap aluminum recycling and utilization, comprehensive utilization for spent cathode carbon block and gas prevention and control. This paper also points out that China's present aluminum industry still has a considerable gap compared with that in the developed countries. However, by extending efforts, China's aluminum industry is expected to catch up with the world advanced level in term of theory and application technology, and aluminum output of our country expected to reach 10 million tons by year 2050, with a per capita aluminum consumption of 6～7 kg. [