不同主体层次中组织的知识转化二维结构:前因变量与企业绩效的影响

The Influence of Two-Dimension of Organizational Knowledge Transformation and Its Antecedent Variables in Different Main Body Levels on Firm Performance

企业价值的增长越来越依赖于所拥有的组织知识,但是不同主体层次中组织知识的转化及其所带来的绩效决定了组织中员工绩效、团队绩效和组织绩效的水平。本文首先根据对国内外研究文献的归纳和整理,分析了组织知识转化的各主体层次性及其相应层次的前因变量,构建了不同主体层次中组织的知识转化及其前因变量与企业绩效的影响理论模型和研究假设,通过文献回顾、访谈、半开放式问卷、预调查等方法设计出相关问卷,并利用问卷调查所获得的数据,通过探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析方法分析各主体层次知识转化的二维结构,采用结构方程模型对个人、团队和组织特征变量对个人、团队和组织层次的知识转化及其员工绩效、团队绩效和组织绩效的影响进行了探讨。最后,本文基于企业现实情况对其研究结果进行了详细的分析与讨论,并提出了研究局限性以及未来研究方向。

When the 21st century enters the knowledge economy age, all firms will require a basic knowledge management activity-organizational knowledge transformation （OKT）--to gain and maintain competitive advantage. Growth in firms＇ value has become increasingly dependent on organizational knowledge, while implicit and explicit knowledge exists in individual, team, and organizational level. Therefore, the transformation between differ- ent types of knowledge and its influence on firm performance is the key to knowledge management in different main body levels. However, its performance also lies in employee performance, team performance, and organizational performance. Based on domes- tic and foreign research literatures, this paper firstly analyzed the characteristics of individual, team and organizational level in OKT and antecedent variables, secondly put forward a theoretical model and its hypotheses of the relationship among antecedent variables, OKT and firm performance, and then utilized the data of three questionnaires of every sample firm to examine the relevant hy- potheses. In this empirical analysis, this paper analyzed the two- dimension of knowledge transformation in all main body levels by exploratory factor analysis （EFA） and confirmatory factor analysis （CFA）, and adopted structural equation model （SEM） to analyze the relationships between individual, team, organizational characteris- tic variables, knowledge transform and firm performance. Finally, this paper gave the detailed discussion to its findings, and proposed some limitations and future directions. Its research results show that 1） knowledge transformation has an isomorphic construct of two dimensions in individual, team and organizational level, which was comprised of knowledge transformation from implicit to ex- plicit type, and knowledge transformation between different main body levels; 2） Although most of the hypotheses are supported, the effect of education level and working experience on individual knowledge transformation, organizational structure on knowledge transformation in all main body levels, team knowledge transformation on team performance was insignificant. In addition, team size has positive effect on team knowledge transformation, and team and organizational knowledge transformation have negative effect on employee performance, and these findings are inconsistent with the hypotheses.