考虑力矩平衡的圆锥滚子润滑性能分析

Analysis of Tapered Roller EHL Considering Moment Balance

通过数值求解研究了考虑力矩平衡的圆锥滚子弹流润滑问题,给出了力矩平衡方程,以及相应的离散方法和相对误差计算公式,通过误差的大小来调整滚子的位置角,使之满足力矩平衡,最后得到了该问题的完全数值解。另外,比较了考虑力矩平衡条件下,载荷、速度和滚子半锥角对滚子位置角、油膜压力和油膜厚度的影响。结果表明:载荷不发生偏置的情况下,圆柱滚子的润滑问题可忽略力矩平衡,但对于圆锥滚子则必须考虑力矩平衡。为了满足力矩平衡,圆锥滚子会出现位置角增大、大端翘起的现象,而滚子位置角的微小变化对其润滑性能的影响不可忽视,考虑力矩平衡的数值分析更符合圆锥滚子的真实润滑工况。滚子的半锥角越大、载荷越大、速度越大,力矩平衡的影响就越显著。

Numerical analysis was carried out for elastohydrodynamic lubrication （EHL） of tapered roller considering moment balance. The equation of moment balance, corresponding to the discrete method and the formula of relative error were given. Position angle of roller changed with the relative error in order to satisfy the moment balance. When considering the moment balance, effects of load, velocity and half- tapered angle on the position angle of roller, pressure and film thickness were analyzed. Results showed that, if load is in the geometrical center of a roller, moment balance could be ignored for the EHL of cylindrical roller. However, it is very important for that of tapered roller. In order to satisfy the moment balance, the position angle of roller would be increased, and large end would be raised. The tiny variation of the position angle would cause severe changes of EHL of tapered roller. The numerical analyses considering moment balance are closer to the real working condition. Meanwhile, the effects are more obvious with the increasing of load, velocity and half-tapered angle.