充电站内电动汽车有序充电策略

Coordinated Charging of Plug-in Electric Vehicles in Charging Stations

以充电站运营收益最大化为目标,以配电变压器容量及最大限度满足用户充电需求为约束条件,建立了充电站内电动汽车有序充电的数学模型。根据用户充电规律,采用蒙特卡洛模拟法模拟用户充电需求,对电动汽车在有序充电和无序充电2种情形下充电站运行的经济效益及配电变压器负载情况进行了仿真计算和分析。研究结果表明,通过动态响应电网分时电价,有序充电控制方法可显著提高电动汽车充电站的经济效益,并具备很高的计算效率。同时,由于相对便宜电价的激励,夜间采用有序充电方式也可能使大量的电动汽车集中充电而导致另外一个用电高峰的出现。

Under the constraints of distribution transformer capacity and customer charging needs, a plug-in electric vehicle coordinated charging model in charging stations is proposed to maximize the overall economic benefits of charging stations. Monte Carlo simulation method is utilized to generate the charging needs of customers based on actual customers＇ charging profiles. The economic benefits of charging stations and distribution transformer load scenarios are simulated under uncoordinated and coordinated charging modes correspondingly. Simulation results have indicated that by responding the time- of-use electricity prices, the economic benefits of the charging stations can be significantly improved. On the other hand, due to the relatively cheaper off-peak electricity price at late night, using this coordinated charging strategy might introduce charging concentration and hence another peak load.