关于劳动力市场分割动因的三种解释——评述与拓展

Three Interpretations on the Formation of Segmented Labor Markets:Review and Extension

20世纪80年代中期以来,新古典经济学凭借对内部劳动力市场理论的深入拓展,在SLM理论的研究中日益占据主导地位,然而均衡分析的思路却打破了资本主义生产关系制造分割的劳动力市场这一根本性的矛盾。以激进政治经济学派为代表的西方马克思主义经济学研究,通过对资本主义劳动过程和积累的社会结构的分析,在生产关系的层面对劳动力市场分割的形成和延续提供了进一步解释。而剑桥学派秉持的社会经济因素作用于劳动力市场结构形成的思路,无疑有助于解释劳动力供给和需求的结构如何"天然地"制造分割,将更广泛的社会经济因素引入了讨论。在全球化生产的背景下对上述理论进行评析、互动与拓展,可以为解释中国的劳动力市场分割提供一个更有益的方法论参考。

From the middle of 1980s, Neoclassical Economics has taken the dominant role in the study of SLM theory by widening the meaning of ILM. However, the equilibrium perspective offsets the basic paradox that capitalist production relationship has produced Segmented Labor Markets. The researches of the Western Marxist Economics represented by the Radical Political Economics have of- fered further explanations to the formation and continuance of SLM from production relations by ana- lyzing the capitalist labor process and the social structures of accumulation. While the view of the Cambridge School that social-economic factors are playing a role in the formation of the labor mar- kets is helpful in explaining how the supply and demand structures of labor markets are segmented naturally, which introduces more social-economic factors into the discussion. In the context of global- ized production, the review, interaction and extension of above theories can provide better references of methodology for the interpretations of China＇s SLM.