宁波市小学生吸烟行为及影响因素分析

Smoking behavior and its influence factors among pupils in Ningbo city

目的了解浙江省宁波市小学生吸烟行为及相关因素,为青少年控烟提供指导和依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,对11所小学4 336名学生进行问卷调查。结果曾经尝试吸烟的小学生为640人,吸烟尝试率为14.9%,<9岁就尝试吸烟的学生为74.2%,68.4%的小学生尝试吸第1支烟的原因是好奇;学生伙伴吸烟发现率为16.9%,小学生在家庭中的被动吸烟暴露率为73.7%,教师吸烟被学生发现率为29.1%;男生、年龄增大、健康知识知晓率较低、伙伴吸烟率较高、近1周中学校和家中被动吸烟暴露率较高、控烟宣传资料接触较少、接受知识培训较少是小学生尝试吸烟的危险因素。结论小学生吸烟尝试率较高,尝试吸烟的年龄小,对吸烟成瘾及危害性的认识不足,小学生周围人群吸烟的比例高,小学生控烟形势严峻。

Objective To examine smoking behavior and its influence factors among pupils in Ningbo city and to provide evidence for smoking control in adolescents.Methods With multiple stage random cluster sampling method,4 336 pupils from 11 elementary schools were selected and investigated with a questionnaire survey.Results The number of pupils who have tried smoking was 640 with a smoking-attempting rate of 14.9%.Among the pupils with smoking-attempting,74.2% began to smoke before nine years old and 68.4% attempted to smoke because of curiosity.There were 16.9% of the pupils witnessed the smoking of their partners.The passive smoking rate at home of the pupils was 73.7%,and 29.1% of the teachers smoked in the pupils' presence.The risk factors of smoking-attempting for the pupils included male,older age,low knowledge rate on health,high smoking rate among the partners,high passive smoking rate within the latest week,and with less education on tobacco control.Conclusion The smoking rate is high and the age of smoking-attempting is young among the pupils in Ningbo city,and the pupils had a high rate of passive smoking and a low awareness rate of smoking addiction and hazads.