模糊需求下的闭环供应链协调机制研究

Closed-loop supply chain coordination mechanism with fuzzy demand

研究一个由制造商和零售商在模糊需求环境下的两级闭环供应链的协调机制问题。将市场需求视为模糊变量,建立模糊截集理论下的集中决策模型和收益—费用共享契约模型,给出模型中的最优策略,并以三角形模糊变量为例,对模型进行优化。通过数值算例对模型中的参数进行求解,并对分析结论进行验证。研究结果表明,在模糊需求环境下的闭环供应链中,零售商的最优订购量在模糊需求中心点的左、右浮动,并随着零售价格的提高而增加,通过改变收益—费用系数可以实现供应链成员之间的完美协调。

In a two-stage closed-loop supply chain composed of one manufacture and one retailer, the supply chain coordination mechanism in fuzzy demand environment is researched. The market demands are regarded as fuzzy variable. Based on fuzzy cut sets theory, the models of centralized decision and revenue-expense sharing contract are constructed, and their optimal policies are also proposed. Taken the triangular fuzzy numbers as an example, a numerical is given to illustrate and validate the models and conclusions. It is shown that the retailer＇s optimal order quantity is fluctuated at the center of the fuzzy demand and is increased with the raise of the retail price. The coordi- nation of members can be achieved in revenue-expense sharina contract with fuzzy demand.