清代边疆地区的教化与稳定——以广西宾兴组织为视阈的考察

The Enlightenment and Stability of the Borderland Areas in the Qing Dynasty——Viewed by the Investigation of Binxing Organization (宾兴组织) in Guangxi

宾兴原为一种古老的礼仪,至北宋时期性质开始发生变化。清代广西的宾兴始于康熙年间宾兴租的出现,嘉庆时期创建的宾兴馆则已成为一种捐资助学的组织。终清一代,广西13府州建立了数目众多的宾兴组织。宾兴是封建国家和地方士绅合作的产物,通过宾兴,国家政策得以在地方实践,士绅则能够积极融入地方事务。宾兴推动了广西科举事业的发展,同时促进了地方教化和维护了国家边疆的安全与稳定。

Binxing was an ancient etiquette,and the nature of it began to change in the Northern Song Dynasty.Binxing of Guangxi in the Qing Dynasty dated from the Binxing rent(宾兴租)which appeared in Kangxi years,and the Binxing school had become a kind of donation organization.During the Qing Dynasty,the thirteen states in Guangxi Province had set up a large number of Binxing organizations.Binxing was a cooperated product of the feudal country and the local gentry,and the national policies were able to practice in locals and the gentry participated in the local affairs actively.Binxing impelled the development of the imperial examinations,promoted local enlightenment and maintained the security and stability of the borders.