紫竹在黄山地区发笋成竹规律的研究

Study on shooting and the height growth rhythm of Phyllostachys nigra in Huangshan area

采用定点观测法,对紫竹在国际竹藤中心安徽太平试验中心种质资源保存库发笋和成竹规律进行了实测研究。结果表明,紫竹在本试验地于4月23日开始出笋,且以4月23～30日为出笋盛期,其出笋数量占总的出笋数量的91.9%,出笋期历时18 d。样方(4 m×4 m)出笋数与其母竹数呈现Y=-1.258X2+88.158X-1 490.249的关系(Y为出笋数量,X为母竹数量)。随着出笋时间推后,其退笋率逐渐增大,紫竹平均退笋率为53.8%;退笋与其笋体高度有关,其中退笋高度主要集中在30 cm以下;笋体高生长遵循慢—快—慢规律,呈Logistic增长。日平均气温和日平均相对湿度是影响笋体高生长的主要因子。

The shooting and the height growth rhythm of Phyllostachys nigra were studied by using fixed point observation in genetic diversity bank of International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Huangshan, Anhui province. The results indicated that the bamboo shooting began on April 23rd in the station. The abundant phase of shooting was from April 23ra to April 30th, in which the amount of shooting was 91.9% of the total. The period of bamboo shooting lasted＇ for 18 d. In the plot （4 m×4 m）, the relation between amount of shooting and amount of mother bamboo was suitable for the equation： Y=-1.258X^2＋88.158X-1490.249（Y is the amount of shooting, X is the amount of mother bamboo）. With the increasing of shooting time, the retrograded shooting rate increased gradually, and the average retrograded shoot rate was 53.8%. Retrograded shooting and the height of bamboo shoot were correlated. Thereinto, the height of retrograded shoots were mainly focused on 30 cm below. The height growth of young bamboo exhibited a tendency of slow-fast-slow, which displayed Logistic growth model. Daily average temperature and daily average relative humidity were main factors which affected height growth of young bamboo.