略论钱谦益对明代史学的认识

Qian Qianyi's Review on the Historiography of Ming Dynasty

钱谦益指出记注制度缺失、实录流布民间以及官方对本朝重大事件记载失实是造成明代"三史"舛驳的原因。他批评师心自用的俗学,直陈史学界存在的三种谬误,倡导恢复尊经重道、严谨求实的治史传统。钱谦益既效仿郑晓和王世贞辩证明代史事的治学路向,又批评并纠正了两人不少谬误。

Qian Qianyi argued that the false records of the national history, family history and unofficial history were caused by three reasons as follows： the lack of a fixed system to record history, the spread of The Ming Shilu to the non-governmental sector, and the inaccurate records of major political events on the part of the then authority. He criticized the academic atmosphere of blind self-assuredness, pointed out three fallacies in the field of historiography and advocated restoration of the historiographical study tradition characterized by respecting and valuing Confucian classics. On one hand, he was affected by Zheng Xiao and Wang Shizhen in term of historiographical study approach; on the other hand, he devoted himself to rectifying many mistakes in their books.