鱼雷缓冲头帽入水冲击性能研究

Water-Entry Impact Performance of Torpedo′s Cushion Nose Cap

针对鱼雷缓冲头帽入水冲击过程理论分析困难、头帽强度设计边界难以确定的问题,采用ABAQUS软件建立了头帽入水有限元模型。研究了其入水冲击时组件应力分布规律,得出了尖拱形头帽以最小速度垂直入水时最难破裂,将此工况作为头帽强度设计的上边界,研究了影响头帽破裂的关键因素,相应给出了2种使头帽入水后更易破裂的改进方法,即降低头帽组件与雷体之间摩擦力和削弱整流罩强度,并通过仿真进行了验证。仿真结果表明,这2种改进方法都可以使头帽更容易破裂,如果同时采用这2种方法,则能够达到更理想的入水效果。

To solve the problems that theoretical analysis of water-entry impact process of torpedo＇s cushion nose cap is difficult and strength design boundary of the nose cap is not easy to be determined, we build a finite element model of the nose cap water-entry with the software ABAQUS, and analyze the stress distribution of the nose cap assembly dur- ing water-entry impact process. The conclusion is drawn that vertical water-entry with minimum velocity is the most safe condition for the nose cap. Taking this condition as the upper limit of the nose cap strength design, key factors that may induce nose cap crack are analyzed. Accordingly, two methods to make the nose cap easy to crack after water-entry are offered, i.e. weakening the strength of the fairing and reducing the friction between the nose cap assembly and tor- pedo. Simulation results show that combination of two methods can achieve oerfect nose cao water-entry.