农地再分配的村庄原因——基于401个村庄的实证研究

The Village Reason on Redistribution of Agricultural Land——Empirical Study Based on 401 Villages

农地再分配制度是一项颇具中国特色的土地制度,但其产生原因一直存在争议。本文试图使用一个全国性的大样本来定量化地考察农地再分配的村庄原因。研究显示:农地税费负担与土地小调整正相关,农民收入来源假说没得到证实。村庄民主程度对土地调整没有影响。村庄社会文化变量对农地调整有重要影响,农民偏好假说成立。资源禀赋假说和交易费用假说只适用于土地大调整,对小调整不适用。村庄农地再分配制度具有多方面的功能和作用,现阶段不应该取消和禁止,而是改进和完善,在土地产权稳定和调整之间取得平衡。

The redistribution system of agricultural land is a land system with Chinese characteristics, but its cause remains controversial. The paper attempts to use a national sample to quantitative study the village reason on redistribution of agricultural land. It is concluded that the agricultural land tax burden has positive correlation with the small land adjustment, the hypothesis of farmers＇ income sources has not been confirmed. The village democracy has not impact on land adjustment. The village socio-cuhural variables have a major impact on the land redistribution and The farmer＇ preference hypothesis is correct. The hypothesis of resource endowments and reansaction costs applies only to the big land adjustment not apply to the small land adjustment. The system of village agricultural land redistribution has many functions and role, it should not be canceled and prohibitted but improved and perfected in this stage. We should strike a balance between stabilization and adjustment in land property rights.