外来入侵害虫——西花蓟马在山东省不同地区主要花卉上的分布

The occurrence of an invasive western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) on the main flowers in Shandong Province,China

【背景】外来入侵害虫西花蓟马于2003年首次在北京郊区被发现,并逐渐扩散蔓延,目前已在我国局部地区暴发成灾。【方法】于2008～2009年通过定点调查的方法对山东省115个地区258个样点的主要花卉上的蓟马种类进行了分析。【结果】山东省主要花卉上发生的蓟马有11种,包括花蓟马、黄胸蓟马、黄蓟马、西花蓟马、棕榈蓟马、烟蓟马、禾花蓟马、横纹蓟马、腹小头蓟马、黑白纹蓟马、油加律带蓟马等,其优势种为花蓟马。外来入侵害虫西花蓟马在山东省18个地区的花卉上被发现。其中,荣成市区发生最重,占蓟马采集总量的51.86%;德州市区和青岛市区发生次之,分别占蓟马采集总量的34.21%和33.88%;其他地区西花蓟马发生量占采集总量的1.39%～18.75%。【结论与意义】西花蓟马已在山东省定殖并广泛分布,相关部门应做好西花蓟马的预防与控制工作。

[ Background ] The alien invasive pest, the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis （Pergande） arrived in Bei- jing, China in 2003, and became one of the major pests of vegetables. [ Mehtod] The thrips on the main flowers were surveyed by taking 258 samples in 115 counties in Shandong Province in 2008 -2009. [ Result] We identified 11 species of thrips on the main flowers in Shandong including Frankliniella intonsa, Thrips hawaiiensis, Thrips flavus, Frankliniella occidentalis, Thrips palmi, Thrips tabaci, Frankliniella tenuicounis, Aeolothrips fasciatus, Microcephalothrips abdominalis, Aeolothrips melaleucus, Taeniothrips e ucharii, F. intonsa was the dominant species. The western flower thrips was found on the flowers in 18 counties in Shandong Prov- ince. Densities were highest in Rongcheng county, Qingdao urban districts, and Dezhou city, where they constituted 51.86% , 34.21% and 33.88% , respectively, of all thrips. The range of relative abundance was between 1.39% -18.75% for the other 15 areas. [ Conclusion and significance]The results indicate that the western flower thrips has become widespread and needs measures for prevention and management.