芒果不同部位挥发物及横线尾夜蛾对其触角电位反应

Volatiles emitted by mango (Mangifera indica) plants and electrophysiological responses of Chlumetia transverse to such volatiles

【背景】芒果横线尾夜蛾是严重危害芒果花序和嫩梢的重要害虫,其发生面积不断扩大,给我国南方芒果造成了巨大损失。【方法】通过气质联用仪(GC-MS)对芒果花、梢和成熟果实的挥发性物质及其相对含量进行分析;采用触角电生理方法,测定不同性别和交配状态的芒果横线尾夜蛾对12种芒果挥发物的触角电位反应。【结果】芒果3个部位的挥发性物质多为萜烯类化合物,主要物质(相对含量在0.06%以上)的数量分别为芒果花中22种、梢11种和成熟芒果13种。芒果花中含量较高的为α-水芹烯(43.64%)和异松油烯(29.33%);芒果梢中α-古芸烯(23.63%)含量最高;成熟芒果中β-石竹烯含量最高,为29.47%。仅异松油烯和β-荜澄茄油烯在芒果3个部位中均被检测到,但其含量差异较大;异松油烯在花、梢、果实中的含量分别为29.33%、19.99%、0.59%,而β-荜澄茄油烯分别为3.51%、2.18%、6.05%。芒果横线尾夜蛾未交配雌、雄蛾和已交配雌、雄蛾对同一种化合物的触角电位相对值之间均无显著差异。4种成蛾对反-2-己烯醛的触角电位反应值与其他化合物相比均有显著差异。交配后雌、雄蛾的触角电位反应值均有所降低,但与交配前相比无显著差异。【结论与意义】筛选出的反-2-己烯醛可作为横线尾夜蛾信息素的增效物质,对性引诱剂的研制具有重要意义。本研究可为从化学信号角度阐明横线尾夜蛾寄主定向和雌、雄交配机理,以及其致害机理提供依据。

[ Background ] Chlumetia transverse Walker seriously damages inflorescence and tender tip and expands its distributed are- as incessantly, which has caused great losses to south of China. [ Method] Chemical constituents and their relative content of mango volatiles at different parts （Bowers, shoots and mature fruits） were comparatively analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）. Electroantennogram （EAG） was employed to record the electrophysiological responses of different gender and mating state of C. transverse adults to twelve of the volatiles. [ Resuh ] The major volatile components from flowers, shoots and fruits were terpenes. The numbers of major terpenes （ relative content over 0.06% ） were 22, 11 and 13 in flowers, shoots and fruits, respec- tively. The major volatile components in flowers were α-phellandrene （43.64%） and terpinolene （29.33%） , while α-curjunene （23.63%） and β-carypohyllene （29.47%） predominated in shoots and fruits, respectively. There were only 2 common compo- nents, terpinolene and β-cubebene that had different relative content at various plant parts. The relative contents of terpinolene were 29.33% , 19.99% , 0.59%, and that of β-cubebene were 3.51% , 2.18% , 6.05% in blossom, shoot and fruit, respectively. EAG response relative values in virgin female, unmated male, mated female and mated male individuals of C. transverse to the same com- pound did not show significant differences （P 〉 0.05 ）. The EAG responses to trans-2-hexen-l-al were significantly different from EAG responses to other compounds in both mated and unmated adults. The EAG responses in virgin females and unmated males were a bit higher than that of mated female and male, but not significantly. [ Conclusion and significance] We could develop the sex pheromone attractant of C. transverse by using trans-2-hexen-l-al as an synergistic agent. The study maybe provide an scientific basis for expounding harmfulness mechanism of C. transverse from the point of view of chemical signal.